Jiya da daddare, shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya sanar da jerin sabbin haraji kuma ya tabbatar da ranar da kayayyakin China ba za su sake samun rangwame mafi karanci ba.
A kan abin da Trump ya kira "Ranar 'Yanci," ya sanar da karin harajin kashi 10% kan kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su kasar, tare da karin harajin wasu kasashe.
Taswirar da ke nuna sauye-sauyen harajin da kowace ƙasa ke yi, ta nuna cewa kayayyakin da aka shigo da su daga China za su fuskanci harajin kashi 34%, kashi 20% ga Tarayyar Turai, kashi 46% ga Vietnam, da kashi 32% ga Taiwan. Waɗannan harajin za su fara aiki a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, yayin da harajin gabaɗaya zai fara aiki daga 5 ga Afrilu, wanda hakan zai bar ƙasashe da ƙarancin lokaci don yin shawarwari da Amurka.
A cewar Flexport, ana karɓar harajin da aka sanya wa China bisa ga harajin Sashe na 301, harajin kashi 20% da aka aiwatar a farkon watan Maris, da kuma harajin farko na Amurka.
A makon da ya gabata, gwamnatin Trump ta kuma sanar da fara biyan haraji na kashi 25% kan motoci daga yau, tare da fara biyan harajin kashi 25% kan kayayyakin mota, wanda zai fara aiki a watan Mayu.
A baya, ya sanya harajin kashi 25% kan duk wani kaya da aka shigo da shi daga Kanada da Mexico wanda yarjejeniyar cinikayyar 'yancin kai ta Arewacin Amurka ba ta rufe shi ba.
Masu sharhi kan kasuwa daga Xeneta sun nuna cewa ba a tsammanin harajin zai haifar da karuwar farashin jigilar kaya daga sama nan take ba, amma yana iya haifar da raguwar buƙata yayin da hauhawar farashi ke raguwar buƙatar masu amfani.
Niall van de Wouw, babban jami'in jigilar kaya na jiragen sama a Xeneta, ya ce, "A ƙarshen Maris, mun ga ƙaruwarjigilar jiragen samafarashi daga China da Turai zuwa Amurka, amma babu abin tsoro. Wani yanayi da ya fi yiwuwa shi ne idan harajin ya haifar da hauhawar farashi da raguwar buƙatar masu amfani, farashin jigilar jiragen sama zai faɗi.
"Idan ra'ayin kyamar Amurka ya tashi a tsakanin masu amfani da harajin ya shafa, za mu iya ganin raguwar bukatar fitar da kayayyaki daga Amurka. Kwarin gwiwar masu amfani da kayayyaki yana da yuwuwar zama mafi ƙarfi fiye da harajin."
"Ya kamata mu kuma yi la'akari da cewa yayin da kamfanonin jiragen sama ke fara aiwatar da jadawalin lokacin bazara a cikin makonni masu zuwa, yawan jiragen da za su iya amfani da su zai karu, wanda hakan zai kuma rage matsin lamba kan farashi."
A cewar Xeneta, farashin jigilar kaya daga Shanghai zuwa Amurka a halin yanzu ya kai dala $4.16 a kowace kilogiram, wanda ya ragu daga kololuwar dala $5.75 a kowace kilogiram a makon da ya ƙare a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba.
Farashin tabo daga Yammacin Turai zuwa Amurka ya kai dala $2.16 a kowace kilogiram, ƙasa da kololuwar dala $3.51 a kowace kilogiram a makon da ya ƙare a ranar 15 ga Disamba.
Dillalan kayayyaki a Amurka sun yi hasashen cewa harajin zai shafi ikon siyan kayayyaki na Amurkawa kuma sun yi gargadin cewa sanya harajin ba zato ba tsammani zai haifar da matsaloli.
Za a soke manufar "ƙaramin keɓewa daga haraji" (samfurin T86) a ranar 2 ga Mayu.
David French, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na hulda da gwamnati a Ƙungiyar Dillalan Kaya ta Ƙasa, ya bayyana cewa, "Haraji haraji ne da masu shigo da kaya na Amurka ke biya, wanda za a miƙa wa masu sayayya. Ba za a biya harajin ta hanyar ƙasashen waje ko masu samar da kayayyaki ba."
"Mafi mahimmanci, aiwatar da waɗannan harajin cikin gaggawa aiki ne mai wahala wanda ke buƙatar a sanar da miliyoyin kasuwancin Amurka waɗanda abin zai shafa kai tsaye kuma a shirya su yadda ya kamata tun da wuri."
A lokaci guda kuma, Trump ya kuma sanya hannu kan wani umarni na zartarwa don rufe gibin da ke cikin tsarin harajin, inda ya sanar da soke manufar "ƙaramin keɓewa daga haraji" (samfurin T86) ga kayayyaki da darajarsu ta ƙasa da dala $800 daga China, wanda zai fara aiki daga ranar 2 ga Mayu.
A baya, an dakatar da wannan manufar na ɗan lokaci a farkon watan Fabrairu saboda matsin lamba mai yawa da aka yi wa tsarin kwastam na Amurka, wanda ya haifar da tarin miliyoyin fakiti, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnatin Trump ta sanar da dakatar da aiwatar da ita a ranar 7 ga watan Fabrairu.
Umarnin zartarwa ya bayyana cewa bayan Sakataren Kasuwanci na Amurka ya sanar da cewa akwai isassun tsare-tsare don tattara kudaden shiga na haraji, Trump zai dakatar da mafi ƙarancin keɓancewa ga kayayyakin da suka fito daga babban yankin China da Hong Kong daga ƙarfe 12:01 na safe agogon Gabas a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2025.
Umarnin zartarwa ya ƙayyade cewa duk wasiku da ke ɗauke da kayayyaki da darajarsu ta kai dala $800 ko ƙasa da haka waɗanda suka cancanci a keɓe su mafi ƙarancin izini kuma aka aika ta hanyar hanyar sadarwar gidan waya ta duniya za a sanya musu harajin kashi 30% akan ƙimarsu ko kuma dala $25 akan kowane abu ($50 akan kowane abu bayan 1 ga Yuni, 2025). Wannan zai maye gurbin duk wani kuɗin fito, gami da waɗanda aka ƙayyade a cikin oda na baya.
Soke wannan ƙaramin manufar keɓewa kuma yana nufin cewa tsarin share kwastam na T86 ba zai sake aiki ba, kuma masu siyarwa na iya fuskantar tsawon lokacin sarrafawa, ƙarin farashin bayyanawa, da kuma ƙarin matakai masu rikitarwa. Wannan yana nuna cewa kasuwancin yanar gizo na kan iyakoki na ƙasar Sin zai fuskanci ƙaruwar farashin haraji, wanda ke nuna ƙarshen zamanin keɓewa ga ƙananan haraji a hukumance.
Tasirin soke mafi ƙarancin keɓewa daga haraji ga yawan kasuwancin e-commerce yana da sarkakiya. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wannan keɓewa ya haifar da wadatar jigilar jiragen sama.
Wasu na hasashen cewa wannan zai yi tasiri sosai a kasuwa, yayin da wasu kuma ke ganin cewa waɗannan kayayyaki sun riga sun yi araha, kuma ƙarin kuɗi kaɗan ba zai kawo babban canji ba.
Duk da haka, wasu sun bayyana cewa buƙatar shigar kwastam wajen sarrafa kayan zai kasance
Babban hidimarmu:
· Jirgin Ruwa
· Jirgin Sama
· Sauke kaya guda ɗaya daga rumbun adana kaya na ƙasashen waje
Barka da zuwa don yin tambaya game da farashi tare da mu:
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Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-08-2025
