A daren jiya, shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya sanar da wasu sabbin harajin haraji tare da tabbatar da ranar da kayayyakin kasar Sin ba za su ci gajiyar mafi karancin haraji ba.
A kan abin da Trump ya kira "Ranar 'Yanci," ya sanar da harajin kashi 10 cikin 100 na shigo da kaya zuwa kasar, tare da karin harajin wasu kasashe.
Wani ginshiƙi da ke nuna sauye-sauyen jadawalin kuɗin fito na ƙasar ya nuna cewa kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga China za su kasance ƙarƙashin harajin 34%, 20% na Tarayyar Turai, 46% na Vietnam, da 32% na Taiwan. Wadannan harajin za su fara aiki ne a ranar 9 ga Afrilu, yayin da harajin gama-gari zai fara aiki daga ranar 5 ga Afrilu, wanda zai bar kasashen da ke da karancin lokaci don tattaunawa da Amurka.
A cewar Flexport, ana saka harajin kan kasar Sin ne bisa sashe na 301, harajin kashi 20% da aka aiwatar a farkon Maris, da harajin tushe na Amurka.
A makon da ya gabata, gwamnatin Trump ta kuma ba da sanarwar harajin kashi 25% kan motoci daga yau, tare da harajin kashi 25% kan sassan motoci, wanda zai fara aiki a watan Mayu.
A baya can, ya sanya harajin kashi 25% kan duk kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su daga Canada da Mexico wadanda yarjejeniyar cinikayyar 'yanci ta Arewacin Amurka ba ta rufe su ba.
Manazarta kasuwa daga Xeneta sun nuna cewa ba a sa ran harajin zai haifar da karuwar farashin jigilar jiragen sama ba, amma yana iya haifar da raguwar buƙatu yayin da hauhawar farashin ke lalata buƙatun masu amfani.
Niall van de Wouw, babban jami'in kula da sufurin jiragen sama a Xeneta, ya ce, "Ya zuwa karshen Maris, mun ga karuwar.sufurin jirgin samaFarashin daga China da Turai zuwa Amurka, amma babu abin ban tsoro. Wani abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne cewa idan jadawalin kuɗin fito ya haifar da farashi mai yawa da kuma rage buƙatun masu amfani, farashin jigilar iska zai ragu."
"Idan kyamar Amurka ta tashi a tsakanin masu amfani da harajin da harajin ya shafa, za mu kuma iya ganin raguwar bukatar kayayyakin da Amurka ke fitarwa zuwa kasashen ketare. Amincewar mabukaci na da yuwuwar samun karfi fiye da jadawalin haraji."
"Har ila yau, ya kamata mu yi la'akari da cewa yayin da kamfanonin jiragen sama suka fara aiwatar da jadawalin bazara a cikin makonni masu zuwa, ƙarfin waɗannan hanyoyin zai karu, wanda kuma zai sanya matsin lamba kan farashin."
A cewar Xeneta, farashin jigilar jiragen sama a halin yanzu daga Shanghai zuwa Amurka ya kai dala 4.16 a kowace kilogiram, wanda ya ragu daga kololuwar dala 5.75 a kowace kilogiram a cikin mako mai ƙarewa 10 ga Nuwamba.
Matsayin tabo daga yammacin Turai zuwa Amurka shine $2.16 a kowace kilogiram, ya ragu daga kololuwar dala 3.51 a kowace kilogiram a cikin mako mai ƙare 15 ga Disamba.
Masu sayar da kayayyaki na Amurka sun yi hasashen cewa harajin zai yi tasiri ga karfin sayayya na masu sayen kayayyaki na Amurka kuma sun yi gargadin cewa sanya harajin kwatsam zai haifar da matsala.
Za a soke manufar "ƙananan haraji" (samfurin T86) a ranar 2 ga Mayu.
David French, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na dangantakar gwamnati a National Retail Federation, ya ce, "Tariffs haraji ne da masu shigo da kaya na Amurka ke biya, wanda za a ba da shi ga masu amfani da ƙarshen.
"Mafi mahimmanci, aiwatar da waɗannan harajin gaggawa aiki ne mai ban tsoro da ke buƙatar miliyoyin kasuwancin Amurka waɗanda abin zai shafa kai tsaye a sanar da su kuma a shirya su gabaɗaya."
A sa'i daya kuma, Trump ya kuma sanya hannu kan wani umarnin zartarwa na rufe magudanar ruwa a cikin tsarin harajin haraji, yana mai sanar da soke shirin "kananan haraji" (samfurin T86) na kayayyakin da darajarsu ta kai kasa da dala 800 daga kasar Sin, wanda zai fara aiki a ranar 2 ga Mayu.
A baya, an dakatar da wannan manufar a takaice a farkon watan Fabrairu saboda matsin lamba da aka yi wa tsarin kwastam na Amurka, wanda ya haifar da koma baya na miliyoyin fakitin, wanda ya sa gwamnatin Trump ta ba da sanarwar dakatar da aiwatar da ayyukan a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu.
Dokar zartarwar ta bayyana cewa, bayan da sakataren harkokin kasuwancin Amurka ya sanar da cewa akwai isassun tsare-tsare na tattara kudaden haraji, Trump zai dakatar da mafi karancin magani ga kayayyakin da suka samo asali daga babban yankin China da Hong Kong daga karfe 12:01 na safe agogon gabashin kasar a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2025.
Dokar zartarwa ta ƙididdige cewa duk wasikun da ke ɗauke da kaya masu ƙima a $800 ko ƙasa da haka waɗanda suka cancanci mafi ƙarancin keɓe kuma aika ta hanyar sadarwar gidan waya ta duniya za su kasance ƙarƙashin jadawalin kuɗin fito na 30% akan ƙimar su ko $25 akan kowane abu ($ 50 kowane abu bayan Yuni 1, 2025). Wannan zai maye gurbin kowane jadawalin kuɗin fito, gami da waɗanda aka ƙayyade a cikin umarni da suka gabata.
Soke ƙananan manufofin keɓancewa kuma yana nufin cewa ƙirar kwastam na T86 ba za ta ƙara yin aiki ba, kuma masu siyarwa na iya fuskantar tsawon lokacin sarrafawa, ƙarin farashin bayyanawa, da ƙarin matakai masu rikitarwa. Hakan na nuni da cewa, kasuwancin intanet na kan iyakokin kasar Sin zai fuskanci karin farashin harajin kwastam, wanda ke nuna karshen zamanin kebe kananan haraji a hukumance.
Tasirin soke mafi ƙarancin haraji ga kundin kasuwancin e-commerce yana da cece-kuce. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wannan keɓe ya haifar da wadatar sufurin jiragen sama.
Wasu suna tsammanin cewa hakan zai yi tasiri sosai a kasuwa, yayin da wasu ke ganin cewa waɗannan kayayyaki ba su da tsada, kuma wasu ƙarin daloli a farashin ba za su yi babban bambanci ba.
Duk da haka, wasu suna bayyana cewa buƙatar shigar da kwastam a cikin sarrafa fakitin zai kasance
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Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-08-2025
